By Keith Maart
Part 7: Israel’s Numerous Counterintelligence Crimes and the Damage it’s done to the U.S.A.
Israel has been involved in some of the most egregious counterintelligence crimes, false flag attacks, and other illegal covert operations against America over the last six decades. In fact, Israel has probably committed more of these crimes against the U.S. then all other Arab/Muslim countries combined. Although Israel is often viewed as a U.S. ally, its actions over the last six decades convey a different reality. As pointed out by ex-Mossad agent Victor Ostrovsky in Part 5, the Mossad (Israel) considers the whole world outside Israel as a target, including the U.S. Indeed, Part 2 will now discuss some of the known/exposed Israeli crimes against the U.S, showing that Israel is probably much more a foe than a friend to the U.S.A.
Israeli intelligence can be both an asset and a liability for the U.S. On one hand, Israeli intelligence and its military work very closely with the U.S. on various projects and operations. The relatively small country of Israel is the number one benefactor of U.S. foreign aid receiving approximately $3 billion per year, much of which is spent purchasing U.S. weapons from America’s MIC (approximately 75%). The U.S. underwrites some of Israel’s research and development of weapons and has contributed significant amounts of money to Israeli defense projects.[1] The two countries also participate in regularly held joint military exercises and it’s estimated that more than 300 Department of Defense personnel travel to Israel each month.[2]
On the other hand, Israeli intelligence is one of the U.S.’s greatest counterintelligence threats in the world. A couple of CIA surveys in the last five years alone have consistently shown Israel as one of the U.S.’s top three counterintelligence threats. Israel has also conducted false flag operations against the U.S. (see Part 8) and has been involved in at least several illegal operations with certain neoconservative individuals in the U.S.G. and its national security apparatus (see Part 9). Although Israeli intelligence is often viewed in a very positive light by the pro-Israeli U.S. mainstream media and it’s bought and controlled U.S. politicians, Israel’s actual record discussed below runs dreadfully contrary to this view.
The CIA Assessment of Israeli Intelligence and CIA Polls Showing Israel as Top 3 Counterintelligence Threat
The 1979 CIA Assessment of Israeli Intelligence had this to say about Israeli intelligence’s counterintelligence operations:
Israel devotes a considerable portion of their covert operations to obtaining scientific and technical intelligence which includes attempts to penetrate certain classified defense projects in the United States and other Western nations….Objectives in Western countries are equally important to the Israeli intelligence service. Mossad collects intelligence regarding Western, Vatican, and UN policies toward the Near East, promotes arms deals for the benefit of the IDF, and acquires data for use in silencing anti-Israel factions in the West.[3]
A CIA internal poll in 2010 showed Israel came in dead last in intelligence cooperation with the US and was ranked third in how aggressive they were in spying operations on US soil (only China and Russia were worse).[4] According to ex-CIA officer Philip Giraldi, there have been a number of cases reported to the FBI about Mossad officers who have approached leaders in Arab-American communities and have falsely represented themselves as U.S. intelligence because few Muslims would assist an Israeli agent. This is one definition of a false flag operation and it just so happens that the impersonators were Israeli Arabs operating out of Israel’s mission to the United Nations in New York undercover as consular assistants.
In July 2012, the Associated Press reported that the CIA considered Israel its number one counterintelligence threat in the agency’s Near East Division, the group that oversees spying across the Middle East. This basically means the CIA believes that U.S. national secrets are safer from other Middle Eastern governments than from Israel. The AP article further notes that Israel employs highly sophisticated spy services that rival American agencies and is a U.S. ally that enjoys access to the highest levels of the U.S. government in military and intelligence circles.[5]
There have been numerous mainstream media stories relating to Israel’s counterintelligence crimes and investigations and how they are usually covered-up by senior intelligence officials. According to former FBI counterintelligence agent John M. Cole, there was “at least” 125 open counterintelligence investigations of Israel during the time (1993 to 95) he was in an FBI counterintelligence unit that overlooked Western Europe and Israel.[6] Cole said that tracking Israeli spies was hush-hush and that he was prohibited from notifying field offices when an Israeli investigation crept into their jurisdictions. “No one was supposed to know we were investigating the Israelis.”[7]
Another FBI agent told Jeff Stein of Congressional Quarterly and Newsweek, “The 125 figure makes sense,” and that U.S. officials repeatedly warned the Israelis to back off. But the finger-wagging only seemed to energize them. “We would call them in, call them on the carpet, and next week there would be 10 more cases.” The Justice Department never seemed much interested in prosecuting them, he and other counterintelligence veterans said. Agents would get pissed off,” said the former top official. “We knew they were going to walk, that they were going to get a pass….It was frustrating.”[8]
A May 2014 article by Jeff Klein in Newsweek states that Israel’s espionage activities are unrivaled and unseemly, no other country close to the U.S. continues to cross the line on espionage like the Israelis do. According to former CIA officer Paul Pillar: Zionists were dispatching spies to America before there even was an Israel, to gather money and materials for the cause and later the fledging state. Key components for Israel’s nuclear bombs were clandestinely obtained here. “They’ve found creative and inventive ways,” Pillar said, to get what they want.[9]
As we saw in Parts 5 and 6, Israel’s Mossad and other government agencies have recruited U.S. citizens (sayanim or operatives) to support their intelligence efforts. Israel also has a long history of stealing American military and commercial secrets that jeopardizes America’s national security. Following are just several exposed instances of Israel’s many confirmed and suspected counterintelligence crimes against the U.S.A:
Zalman Shapiro and NUMEC: Israeli Stealing of U.S. Weapons-Grade Nuclear Material (1960’s)
As is typical with just about all criminal investigations involving Israel, the CIA and FBI had classified their investigative documents and basically covered-up Israel’s theft of at least 600 pounds of highly enriched uranium (HEU) during the 1960’s. However, thanks to the stellar effort and relentless FOIA requests by Grant Smith of the Institute for Research: Middle Eastern Policy (IRmep) and the thorough research by former Nuclear Regulatory Commission officials Victor Glinsky and Roger Mattson of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Israel’s stealing of U.S. weapons-grade nuclear material is now better understood.
NUMEC was a nuclear fuel processing company in the Pittsburg area (Portsmouth, PA) and its president was Zalman Shapiro (American Jew). Shapiro traveled frequently to Israel and NUMEC was a procurement and sales agent for the Israeli ministry of defense. NUMEC was also involved in a partnership called ISORAD, with Israel’s nuclear organization to develop food irradiators which involved sending large packages of radioactive sources to Israel.[10] The approximate 600 pounds of stolen HEU was enough to make over a dozen nuclear bombs with the strength of Hiroshima’s.[11]
Shapiro admitted that he met with the head of Israeli military intelligence in Israel and also admitted that he knew Binyamin Blumberg, the former head of LAKEM, which is Israel’s scientific intelligence agency that oversees its nuclear weapons development. In September 1968, four Israeli intelligence officials met with Shapiro at NUMEC, including Israeli legendary spy Rafi Eitan. As we saw in Part 1B, Eitan was involved with Israel’s sayanim operations and was also a central figure in the Jonathan Pollard spy case discussed below.[12]
Although some FBI investigative documents have finally been released over the last several years, they represent a small proportion of the total documents and have been heavily redacted. Even fewer CIA documents have been released, including those where the CIA acknowledged that they detected uranium at Israel’s Dinoma nuclear bomb facility in 1968 with the same signature of the stolen NUMEC uranium.[13]
Although the facts and evidence of the Israeli nuclear theft is somewhat complex, Glinsky and Mattson provide a good summary of the evidence in their April 2014 article entitled, “Did Israel Steal Bomb-Grade Uranium from the United States?” Following are some of the main reasons why Glinsky and Mattson believe Israel, with the help of Shapiro, stole the NUMEC uranium:[14]
- NUMEC’s unexplained losses were a significantly larger proportion of its throughput of highly enriched uranium than was the case for other firms that dealt with nuclear materials. Sloppy accounting and lax security made the plant easy to rob without detection.
- NUMEC had commercial relationships with Israel’s defense and nuclear establishments and regularly made sizeable nuclear shipments to Israel, which at that time were not checked by the AEC.
- NUMEC’s owners and executives had extremely close ties to Israel, including to high Israeli intelligence and nuclear officials.
- Israel had strong motives to obtain the highly enriched uranium before it was producing enough plutonium for weapons.
- High-level Israeli intelligence operatives visited the NUMEC plant. Israeli intelligence organizations were used to running logistically complicated, risky operations to support nuclear weapons development, and it would have been very much out of character for them to pass up an opportunity like this.
- Records show the CIA believed its 1968 environmental sample taken in Israel evidenced an enrichment level unique to NUMEC’s Portsmouth facility.
As was shown in Part 1C, U.S. media mogul and sayanim for Israel, Arnon Milchan, also assisted Israel in the development of its nuclear arsenal. Milchan was even recruited by LAKEM and Shapiro knew the head of LAKEM, Binyamin Blumberg. Given the above facts and the usual terrible transparency of the FBI and CIA in making available their investigation documents, it’s very likely that Israel did indeed steal the 600 pounds of U.S. uranium with sayanim Shapiro’s help.
Jonathan Pollard (early-to-mid 1980’s)
Although the Jonathan Pollard (American Jew) spy case happened approximately three decades ago, it is important to note for several reasons. First, it shows Israel’s blatant intent to steal U.S. intelligence information that is critical to U.S. national security. Secondly, it shows that Israel is willing to sell and barter U.S. security secrets to enemies of America as long as it advances at least minor Israeli interests. Thirdly, it shows how easily Israel can recruit U.S. citizens who will basically risks their lives (commit treasonous acts) and who are obviously more loyal to Israel than to the United States of America.
The Jonathan Pollard spy case is one of the most damaging in US history, with Pollard giving his Israeli handlers 360 cubic feet of military documents including a 10 volume code breaking manual that contained parameters of every known signal and how the US collects the signals anywhere in the world. Some of this critical intelligence information found its way to the Soviet Union in exchange for the Soviet’s allowing Jewish individuals to emigrate to Israel, or was exchanged for Jews working in highly sensitive positions in the USSR.[15]
According to ex-Mossad officer Victor Ostrovsky, Pollard first started working as an unpaid sayanim for the Mossad in 1982 but was made inactive in 1984 after he started taking unauthorized risks. However, Pollard was reactivated shortly afterward by Rafi Eitan, who at the time was advisor on terrorism to the prime minister and also head of LAKEM, the Israeli unit set-up to help further Israel’s nuclear bomb program.[16] Pollards Israeli handlers in the U.S. were Yosef/Joseph Yagur and an AIPAC official who quickly fled to Israel after Pollard was arrested.[17]
Pollard pleaded guilty in 1986 to spying for Israel and is serving a life sentence for his heinous and treasonous crimes. Although it took Israel 13 years to admit their involvement in this crime, Israel now lobbies for Pollard’s release so he can move to Israel and live as a free man. Unfortunately for Pollard and Israel, many top U.S. military and intelligence officials have threatened to resign if Pollard is ever released given the significant harm he (and therefore Israel) did to U.S. national security.
In January 1998, Seymour Hersh, the Pulitzer Prize winning investigative journalist and author wrote an article for the New Yorker Magazine, entitled, “Why Pollard Should Never be Released (The Traitor).” This article is a must read for anyone interested in learning the specifics of the Pollard espionage crimes on behalf of Israel. Following are some interesting facts from the Hersh article:[18]
- Despite repeated requests from the U.S. for the information stolen by Pollard, Israel has returned or shared little about the stolen intelligence information.
- Officials who knew the most about Pollard noted that he had done more damage to American national security than was ever made known to the public; for example, he betrayed elements of four major American intelligence systems.
- In December 1985, a month after Pollard’s arrest, William Casey (CIA Director), told his Israel station chief, “For your information, the Israelis used Pollard to obtain our attack plans against the U.S.S.R., all of it. The coordinates, the firing locations, the sequences. And for guess who, the Soviets?”
- The Justice Department informed the judge in the case that numerous analyses of Soviet missile systems had been sold by Pollard to Israel, and that the documents included “information from human sources whose identity could be inferred. It is believed that the Soviet’s also obtained this information and that it resulted in a number of U.S. ally spy deaths in the Soviet Union.
Ben-Ami Kadish (1980’s)
In another 1980’s Israeli spy case, former U.S. Army engineer, Ben-Ami Kadish (American Jew), provided classified documents on U.S. nuclear weapons, the F-15 fighter plane, and the Patriot missiles to his Israeli handler, Yosef Yagur. Kadish was born in Connecticut but grew up in what the British Mandate of Palestine and fought with the Israeli Haganah.[19] Kadish is another classic example of a sayanim who helped support Israeli intelligence efforts while committing espionage crimes.
Among other counts, Kadish was charged with disclosing documents related to U.S. national security to the Government of Israel and with conspiring to act as an agent for Israel. In 2008, Kadish pleaded guilty to acting as an unregistered agent of Israel and admitted he gave classified documents to Israel. Prosecutors asserted that Kadish had furnished classified American secrets to Yosef Yagur, the same Israeli agent who had handled and received secret documents from Pollard.[20]
Lawrence Franklin / AIPAC Spy Scandal (2005)
Like Pollard, Lawrence Franklin (American Gentile) was convicted of spying on Israel’s behalf. Franklin was a senior Middle East intelligence analyst who was arrested and convicted in 2005 for supplying classified intelligence information on Iran to Israel through the American Israeli Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), Israel’s largest and most influential lobby in the United States. It was actually AIPAC that was already under investigation by the FBI for spying for Israel when investigators subsequently snagged Franklin.
Also like Pollard, Franklin’s guilty plea means that the evidence surrounding Israel’s spying on the United States will not be made public. However, the conviction shows once again Israel’s blatant intent to spy on the US and to cause harm to U.S. national security. Franklin had previously served as a military attaché at the US Embassy in Tel Aviv Israel and was one of two mid-level Pentagon officials in the Office of the Secretary of Defense responsible for Iran policy in the office’s Northern Gulf directorate.
Franklin worked under Douglas Feith (see Parts 3B, 3C, 4A and 4B) at the DOD and was also a member of the Office of Special Plans (see Part 4B), a DOD group that is now being investigated for the manipulation of intelligence used to support the Iraq war as well as whether they were influenced by the Israeli government. Franklin is also a close associate of Harold Rhode and Michael Ledeen, who accompanied Franklin in his unauthorized back-channel meetings in Rome with Iranian dissidents in 2002.
The criminal charges filed by the FBI alleges Franklin disclosed classified national defense information related to potential attacks on US forces in Iraq to Steven Rosen and Keith Weissman, who were employed by the AIPAC. The complaint also alleges that Franklin disclosed classified information to “a foreign official and members of the media,” and a search of Franklin’s home found approximately 83 classified documents.[21]
The indictment revealed that the FBI investigation had been going on since 1999, and suggested that other individuals at AIPAC, the Defense Department, and the Israeli embassy had been involved as well. In his guilty plea, Franklin claims he passed Iran policy documents to the two AIPAC members and that he also passed other classified information to an Israeli official concerning weapons testing and military activities in Iraq and other Middle Eastern countries. Franklin further admitted he knew some of the documents he passed along could be used to the detriment of US national security interests.[22]
In December 2004, the FBI raided the offices of AIPAC and seized computer equipment and files of Howard Kohr, the Executive Director, Richard Fishman, Managing Director, and Renee Rothstein, Communication Director, and Raphael Danziger, Research Director. According to an article published in the Washington Post one week later, all were suspected of being cut-outs, agents who picked up information from Franklin and passed it on to Israel. However, no charges have since been brought against the aforementioned individuals.[23]
Israel’s Unauthorized/Illegal Sales of U.S. Weapons to China (1980’s to Present)
Israel has a long record of selling secret U.S. military technology to China against the demands of the U.S.G. which ultimately shows how enormous amounts of arms sales and military aid to Israel contributes to a loss of U.S. control over arms proliferation. Israel is currently the second largest arms supplier to China with only Russia selling more weapons to Beijing. Coincidently, as discussed above, Israel, China and Russia are often viewed by the CIA as the top three counterintelligence threats against America among alleged allies.
In October 1993, then-CIA Director James Woolsey told a Senate committee that Israel had been selling advanced [U.S.] military technology to China for about a decade and is moving to expand its cooperation. The CIA stated that China is seeking to use Israel to obtain the sort of advanced military technology that the U.S. and other Western nations have refused to sell to Beijing.[24] Israel sold at least $2 billion of high-tech military equipment that the U.S. forbids from being exported to China and included technology for the Python missile, the U.S. financed Lavi fighter, and the Patriot anti-missile missile.[25]
Israel was back to making unauthorized military sales to China in 1999 when they tried to sell China the Israeli Phalcon airborne radar system. U.S. officials objected to the sale because they said the system is closely related to the American AWACS, or airborne warning and control system. Israel at first refused to cancel the Chinese contract and it took more than a half year of intense pressure, including unofficial sanctions and threats to withhold certain types of military technology before Israel was forced to abandon the sale. The Clinton administration refused to go as far some members of Congress, who suggested that Israel’s military aid should be cut if the Phalcon was delivered.[26]
The next Israeli weapons breach with China came in 2005 when Israel tried to sell drone parts to China that included significant upgrades to the anti-radar aircraft (the Harpy), possibly including the addition of sensors that could detect radar sites that are turned off.[27] In response to Israel’s actions, the U.S. imposed sanctions on Israel, including halting cooperation on several sensitive projects and freezing delivery of some military equipment. U.S. officials stated that it had been burned by Israel several times, and this time it has decided to be firm and that even a banana republic would not sign such an agreement.[28]
In 2013, secret U.S. missile and electro-optics technology was once again transferred to China by Israel, prompting anger from the U.S. and causing a senior Israeli defense official to resign. The head of defense exports for the Israeli Defense Ministry resigned after a U.S. investigation concluded that technology, including a miniature refrigeration system manufactured by Ricor and used for missiles and in electro-optic equipment, was sent to China, according to the Israeli newspaper Maariv. Another Israeli news site, Aretz Sheva, reports the U.S. is concerned the technology could ultimately find its way to Iran, which last year sought to buy military equipment from China for its nuclear program.[29]
Israel’s many counterintelligence crimes have caused significant national security and economic damage to the U.S.A. The small sample of crimes discussed above is miniscule when considering there were over 125 FBI investigations of Israel between 1993 to 1995 most of which were quashed because of the political sensitivity involving Israel. Consequently, this number does not even include CIA counterintelligence investigations and where the CIA’s Far East Division considers Israel the most significant counterintelligence threat in their region.[30] If Israel can do this kind of damage to the U.S. time and time again, why would one not assume they were capable of participating in the 9/11 operation that ended up benefiting Israel significantly?
Part 7 References and Endnotes:
[1] Israeli-United States Military Relations, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_military_relations
[2] Mitchell Bard, “U.S. – Israeli Cooperation: Evolution of Strategic Alliance,” Jewish Virtual Library, 2015, http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/evolution_of_strategic_coo.html
[3] CIA Assessment of Israeli Intelligence, March 1979, published May-June 1982 by Counter Spy Magazine, Sections B.1 and B.4. Reprinted at Serendipity.li at the following website: www.serendipity.li/cia/counterspy/secret_cia_documents_on_mossad.htm
[4] “Israeli Spies Wooing US Muslims, Sources Say,” Washington Post, September 2, 2010.http://voices.washingtonpost.com/spy-talk/2010/09/israeli_spies_pitching_us_musl.html
Note: Although this CIA survey was of alleged allies of the U.S., there’s many who would not consider Russia and China to be allies, particularly in the same sense as Israel. In addition, the overwhelming majority of the world would be considered allies of the U.S., with only a few minor exceptions like North Korea and Iran. It’s hard to conceive that these nations would have the resources to be a greater counterintelligence than Israel, China, and Russia.
[5] “US Sees Israel, Tight Mideast Ally, as Spy Threat,” Associated Press, July 28, 2012.http://bigstory.ap.org/article/us-sees-israel-tight-mideast-ally-spy-threat
[6] John M. Cole Interview with Antiwar Radio on October 26, 2009. http://antiwar.com/radio/2009/10/26/sibel-edmonds-and-john-m-cole/
Note: At approximately the 46:50 point in the interview, Cole states that “125 [Israeli espionage cases] is a conservative estimate, there were more than that.”
[7] Philip Giraldi, “And It’s Not Only Sibel Edmonds Who Says So, The American Conservative, September 28, 2009, http://www.theamericanconservative.com/2009/09/28/and-its-not-only-sibel-edmonds-who-says-so/
Note: Giraldi’s article and many of the quotes in it references another article by Jeff Stein in Congressional Quarterly. Consequently, this author was not able to find the Congressional Quarterly article. However, the information in Giraldi’s article is supported by other media reports including the previous endnote source.
[8] Ibid.
[9] Jeff Stein, “Israel Won’t Stop Spying on the U.S.,” Newsweek, May 6, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/israel-wont-stop-spying-us-249757
[10] Grant Smith, Divert! NUMEC, Zalman Shapiro and the Diversion of U.S. Weapons Grade Uranium into the Israeli Nuclear Weapons Program, Institute for Research: Middle Eastern Policy, Copyright 2012.
[11] Victor Gilinsky and Roger Mattson, “Did Israel Steal Bomb-Grade Uranium from the United States?” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist, April 17, 2014, http://thebulletin.org/did-israel-steal-bomb-grade-uranium-united-states7056
[12] Victor Glinsky and Roger Mattson, Revisiting the NUMEC affair, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, April 2010, http://thebulletin.org/2010/march/revisiting-numec-affair
[13] Ibid
[14] Victor Glinsky and Roger Mattson, Did Israel Steal Bomb-Grade Uranium from the United States?, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, April 17, 2014. http://thebulletin.org/did-israel-steal-bomb-grade-uranium-united-states7056
[15] Seymour Hersh, “Why Pollard Should Never be Released (The Traitor),” The New Yorker Magazine, January 18, 1999. As reprinted at the following website: http://cryptome.org.jya/traitor.htm
Note: Other Pertinent Sources on Jonathan Pollard:
- Wikipedia, Jonathan Pollard. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Pollard
- “Overview: Israeli Spying,” The Council for the National Interest, September 20, 2011. www.councilforthenationalinterest.org/costs/spying
- “Israeli Spying: The Mother of all Scandals,” WhatReallyHappened.com, www.whatreallyhappened.com/WRHARTICLES/motherofallscandals.php. Subject provides a good summary of many alleged and confirmed Israeli spying operations against the USA.
[16] Victor Ostrovsky, The Other Side of Deception, Harper Collins, Copyright 1994, pages 189 to 192
[17] The Jonathan Pollard Spy Case: The CIA’s 1987 Damage Assessment Declassified, The National Security Archive, January 9, 2013, http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB407/
[18] Seymour Hersh, “Why Pollard Should Never be Released (The Traitor),” The New Yorker Magazine, January 18, 1999. As reprinted at the following website: http://cryptome.org.jya/traitor.htm
[19] Ben-ami Kadish, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben-ami_Kadish
[20] Ibid. Wikipedia
[21] Lawrence Franklin Espionage Scandal, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIPAC_espionage_scandal).
[22] Ibid
[23] Ibid
[24] Michael Gordon, “Israel Sells Arms to China, U.S. Says,” The New York Times, October 12, 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/13/world/israel-sells-arms-to-china-us-says.html
[25] Patrick Cockburn, “Israel Accused of Selling U.S. Secrets to China,” The Independent (U.K.), October 13, 1993, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/israel-accused-of-selling-us-secrets-to-china-1510406.html
[26] Israel Arms Sales (Arms sales to China), The Federation of American Scientist, http://fas.org/asmp/profiles/Israel.htm
[27] Scott Wilson, “Israel Set to End China Arms Deal Under U.S. Pressure,” The Washington Post, June 27, 2005, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/26/AR2005062600544.html
[28] “U.S., Israel Still at Odds Over China Arms Sale, Pentagon Spy,” Christian Science Monitor, July 29, 2005, as reprinted at: http://www.jonathanpollard.org/072905a.htm
[29] Bryant Jordan, Report: Israel Passes U.S. Military Technology to China,” DefenseTech.org, December 24, 2013, http://defensetech.org/2013/12/24/report-israel-passes-u-s-military-technology-to-china/
[30] “US Sees Israel, Tight Mideast Ally, as Spy Threat,” Associated Press, July 28, 2012.http://bigstory.ap.org/article/us-sees-israel-tight-mideast-ally-spy-threat
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